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Meaning of "surprisal" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF SURPRISAL

surprisal  [sɜːˈpraɪzəl] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF SURPRISAL

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Surprisal is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES SURPRISAL MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Self-information

In information theory, self-information is a measure of the information content associated with the outcome of a random variable. It is expressed in a unit of information, for example bits, nats, or hartleys, depending on the base of the logarithm used in its calculation. The term self-information is also sometimes used as a synonym of entropy, i.e. the expected value of self-information in the first sense, because, where is the mutual information of X with itself. These two meanings are not equivalent, and this article covers the first sense only. For the other sense, see Entropy.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH SURPRISAL


appraisal
əˈpreɪzəl
arrhizal
əˈraɪzəl
capsizal
kæpˈsaɪzəl
comprisal
kəmˈpraɪzəl
coryzal
kəˈraɪzəl
despisal
dɪˈspaɪzəl
devisal
dɪˈvaɪzəl
drizzle
ˈdrɪzəl
endorhizal
ˌendəʊˈraɪzəl
hazel
ˈheɪzəl
incisal
ɪnˈsaɪzəl
mycorhizal
ˌmaɪkəˈraɪzəl
mycorrhizal
ˌmaɪkəˈraɪzəl
nasal
ˈneɪzəl
reprisal
rɪˈpraɪzəl
revisal
rɪˈvaɪzəl
sizzle
ˈsɪzəl
supervisal
ˈsuːpəˌvaɪzəl
surmisal
sɜːˈmaɪzəl
uprisal
ʌpˈraɪzəl

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE SURPRISAL

surpass
surpassable
surpasser
surpassing
surpassingly
surpassingness
surplice
surpliced
surplus
surplus store
surplusage
surprint
surprise
surprise party
surprised
surprisedly
surpriser
surprising
surprisingly
surprisingness

WORDS THAT END LIKE SURPRISAL

basal
causal
chamisal
dismissal
disposal
expert appraisal
futsal
letter of marque and reprisal
misappraisal
paradisal
performance appraisal
proposal
reappraisal
refusal
rehearsal
reversal
sal
self-appraisal
sisal
universal

Synonyms and antonyms of surprisal in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «surprisal» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF SURPRISAL

Find out the translation of surprisal to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of surprisal from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «surprisal» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

惊异
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

surprisal
570 millions of speakers

English

surprisal
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

surprisal
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

المباغتة
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

surprisal
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

surprisal
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

surprisal
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

surprisal
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Terkejut
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

surprisal
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

surprisal
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

surprisal
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Kaget
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

surprisal
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

surprisal
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

आश्चर्याची गोष्ट
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

surprisal
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

surprisal
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

nieuwagę
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

surprisal
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

surprisal
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

surprisal
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

surprisal
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

surprisal
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

surprisal
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of surprisal

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «SURPRISAL»

The term «surprisal» is used very little and occupies the 159.766 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Rarely used
25
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «surprisal» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of surprisal
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «surprisal».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «SURPRISAL» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «surprisal» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «surprisal» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about surprisal

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «SURPRISAL»

Discover the use of surprisal in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to surprisal and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
The Dramatic Works ... Viz. The Surprisal. The Committee. ...
Robert HOWARD (Hon. Sir.) O'ccasidnsmeverend Sir, Permit you to undertake' wbat i have mention'd to you, -I ll shew you iiiddenly your Clients. Mir. I am ready, Sir. _ KVZI. Y'ou mustengage to Seereeyu Mi'. Upon my Holiness. FV'I. Nay, you ...
Robert HOWARD (Hon. Sir.), 1722
2
Five new plays: viz. The Surprisal Comedies., The Committee ...
viz. The Surprisal Comedies., The Committee Comedies. And The Indian-queen Tragedies., The Vestal-virgin Tragedies, The Duke of Lerma Tragedies. As they were acted by His Majesty's servants at the Theatre-Royal Sir Robert Howard, ...
Sir Robert Howard, John Dryden, 1700
3
Processing and Producing Head-final Structures
This sharpened expectation emerges from the elimination of alternative possible parses. The expectation hypothesis – which Levy argues is related to surprisal ( Hale, 354 S. Vasishth 16.2.2 Surprisal: A New Explanation for Antilocality Effects.
Hiroko Yamashita, Yuki Hirose, Jerome Lee Packard, 2010
4
Alpha Equals Omega: The Proportionality Between Order and ...
wouldn't be very good at being in equilibrium between order and disorder and would be easy to predict the probability so they would have low surprisal. Surprisal is an example of proper scoring rule or in decision theory a score function, ...
Evan Olsen, 2010
5
An Account of the Taking and Surrendering of Pontefract ...
And of the Surprisal of General Rainsborough in His Quarters at Doncaster, Anno 1648. ... In a Letter to a Friend. By Capt. Tho. Paulden Thomas Paulden. met by Eight or Ten in a Company. We took no Prifbners at Doncafter . nor were any ...
Thomas Paulden, 1747
6
Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: ...
Inthispaper,we introduce the concept of local user similarity andglobal user similarity, based on surprisal-based vectorsimilarity andtheapplication oftheconcept ofmaximin distance in graph theory. Surprisal-based vectorsimilarity expresses the ...
Walter Daelemans, Bart Goethals, Katharina Morik, 2008
7
Of Communion with God the Father, Son and Holy Ghost
But, upon a view and perusal of this discourse, I found myself under a double surprisal. For, first, in reference to my own, I could not find any thing, any doctrine, any expressions, any words reflected on, which the exceptions of this man do give ...
John Owen
8
The Sermons of John Owen
You know what surprisal befell him, and disappointment to all his comforts in this world, — that never man fell into greater; and he gives you an account how great his surprisal was throughout the next chapter. The reasons hereof, why it may ...
John Owen
9
Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering ...
In this paper, we introduce a new measure called surprisal that estimates the informativeness of transactional instances and attributes. We eliminate noisy and uninformative data using the surprisal first, and then generate association rules of  ...
Rajiv Khosla, Robert J. Howlett, L. C. Jain, 2005
10
State-to-state chemistry: a symposium
Applications of surprisal analysis to processes involving changes in electronic states have also been reported (10,28-31 ) . Since its very inception the procedure of surprisal analysis has been extensively reviewed (Z,]Q.,]5_ ,32-35) .
Philip R. Brooks, Edward F. Hayes, American Chemical Society. Division of Physical Chemistry, 1977

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «SURPRISAL»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term surprisal is used in the context of the following news items.
1
KARTHI'S 'KASHMORA'
... will be a new-age experience for every film buff across the towns for its newfangled genre that involves the mix of some surprisal elements in the screenplay. «mykollywood.com, May 15»
2
No More Maggi: Its License Might Just Get Canceled Because Of …
... the comportment of lead in Maggi. Nestle said that it is a surprisal for it to come across allegations that their product Maggi consists excess levels of lead in it. «All India Roundup, May 15»
3
Hezbollah War Considered Israel's Most Serious Challenge in 2015
Expect them to play this military surprisaL maneuveR but make sure they don\\'t get away with it the First time and not as the Last time.Thats where asymmetrical «Al-Manar TV, Mar 15»
4
Ultimate Surprise Proposal
2Day FM Breakfast with Jules, Merrick and Sophie delivered a flawless 'Surprisal' in Sydney's Circular Quay. But Jules delivered another surprise of his own to ... «Radio Today, Oct 14»
5
Pandora's "Music Genome Project" explores the cold hard facts of …
Prediction accuracy, in the sense of matching the right music to the right listener, seems to clash with the virtue of " surprisal" (Bieschke's term). And variety, taken ... «Boing Boing, May 14»
6
New options to transfer make life easier for community college …
Check out that large shadow. Her behavior, nevertheless, should not feature constituted a surprisal to anyone. Well, they shyness and social anxiety review for a ... «Monterey County Weekly, Mar 14»
7
These 28 quotes may completely change your perspective on …
The unexpected financial profit is surprisal or entropy— what Peter Drucker called an “upside surprise.” Drucker pointed out that most measured financial ... «TheBlaze.com, Feb 14»
8
Knowledge, Power, and the Element of Entrepreneurial Surprise
Entrepreneurial creativity is almost defined by its surprisal — by its unexpected character.” Making room for such surprise requires a dose of Hayekian humility, ... «Acton Institute, Jan 14»
9
Knowledge and Power - The Need for a New Economics
Shannon entropy or surprisal defines and quantifies the information in a message. .... Measured by their entropy—their content and surprisal—new products face ... «The Market Oracle, Jan 14»
10
新型食品科学:IBM如何利用大数据发明创意菜谱
他们利用一项名为贝叶斯惊奇度(Bayesian surprisal)的数学工具来做到这点。(该工具此前曾被用于鉴定人们通常最关注视频的哪些部分。)瓦什尼如是解释该概念,“ ... «cnBeta, Nov 13»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Surprisal [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/surprisal>. Apr 2024 ».
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