CHE SIGNIFICA COTININE IN INGLESE
cotinina
La cotina è un alcaloide presente nel tabacco ed è anche un metabolita della nicotina. La parola "cotinina" è un anagramma di "nicotina". La cotinina è utilizzata come biomarker per l'esposizione al fumo di tabacco ed è stata anche venduta come antidepressivo sotto il marchio Scotland. Allo stesso modo della nicotina, la cotinina si lega, attiva e desensibilizza i recettori neuronali della acetilcolina nicotinica, anche se con potenza molto più bassa rispetto al confronto. Ha dimostrato effetti nootropici e antipsicotici nei modelli animali. La somministrazione diretta di alti livelli di cotinina non ha determinato effetti significativi fisiologici, soggettivi o di prestazione.
definizione di cotinine nel dizionario inglese
La definizione di cotinina nel dizionario è una sostanza, C10H12N2O, usata per indicare la presenza di nicotina.
PAROLE IN INGLESE ASSOCIATE CON «COTININE»
cotinine ·
life ·
insurance ·
effects ·
clearance ·
test ·
long ·
does ·
stay ·
your ·
system ·
pronunciation ·
half ·
urine ·
cotinine ·
alkaloid ·
found ·
tobacco ·
also ·
metabolite ·
nicotine ·
word ·
anagram ·
used ·
biomarker ·
exposure ·
smoke ·
been ·
sold ·
antidepressant ·
under ·
tests ·
describes ·
when ·
might ·
ordered ·
what ·
results ·
mean ·
biomonitoring ·
summaries ·
summary ·
component ·
general ·
information ·
most ·
medical ·
definitions ·
popular ·
terms ·
major ·
breakdown ·
product ·
measured ·
analyzing ·
level ·
blood ·
saliva ·
salivary ·
salimetrics ·
when ·
from ·
taken ·
into ·
lungs ·
enters ·
bloodstream ·
principle ·
produced ·
liver ·
factors ·
influencing ·
during ·
smoking ·
abstinence ·
proximate ·
identified ·
10 LIBRI IN INGLESE ASSOCIATI CON «COTININE»
Scopri l'uso di
cotinine nella seguente selezione bibliografica. Libri associati con
cotinine e piccoli estratti per contestualizzare il loro uso nella letteratura.
1
Principles of Addiction Medicine
On average, 80% of nicotine is metabolized to cotinine, with a smaller fraction (4
%) metabolized to nicotine-N-oxide. Cotinine is further metabolized to trans 3'
hydroxycotinine, the major nicotine metabolite found in the urine, as well as
cotinine ...
Richard K. Ries, Shannon C. Miller, David A. Fiellin,
2009
2
Nicotine Psychopharmacology
This section focuses on the use of nicotine and cotinine and other tobacco
alkaloids as biomarkers of tobacco exposure. Other potential biomarkers of
exposure to the particulate or gas phase of tobacco smoke are described in the
review ...
Jack E. Henningfield, Edythe London, Sakire Pogun,
2009
3
Molecular Mechanisms of Tobacco-induced Diseases
Hair nicotine has been reported to be a better differentiator of children's exposure
to smoke at home than urinary cotinine and it correlates more strongly with the
number of smokers in the household and the number of cigarettes smoked by ...
Xing Li Wang, David A. Scott,
2005
4
Health Benefits of Smoking Cessation: A Report of the ...
Cotinine Cotinine, a metabolic byproduct of nicotine, is distributed throughout
extracellular fluid and is excreted through the kidneys and salivary glands (
Benowitz 1983). About 15 to 20 percent is eliminated in the urine unchanged,
and the ...
DIANE Publishing Company,
1990
5
Analytical Determination of Nicotine and Related Compounds ...
(S)-(—)-Cotinine had an I50 dose of 0.12 ng against the anticotinine McAb. At I50
doses, desmethylcotinine, (-—)-cotinine-N-oxide, and N'-nitrosonornicotine cross
-reacted against the anti-cotinine McAb at 1.6, 4.6, and 6.5 nanograms, ...
J.W. Gorrod, P. Jacob III,
1999
6
A Lifelong Passion: Nicholas and Alexandra: Their Own Story
We assessed the variability of four markers of environmental tobacco smoke
exposure in 10 homes with 20 nonsmoking and 11 smoking household members
. We obtained exposure questionnaires, saliva and urine for cotinine, and air
particle ...
Andrei Maylunas, Sergei Mironenko,
2005
7
The Scientific Basis of Tobacco Product Regulation
Plasma cotinine concentration is likely to be a more accurate measure of nicotine
intake, and possibly of other tobacco smoke toxicants, than the self- reported
number of cigarettes smoked per day (12). There is, however, individual
variability ...
World Health Organization,
2007
8
Cognitive Research On Response Error In Survey Questions On ...
Correlations were computed between respondents' cotinine levels and a number
of the measures of smoking frequency. Correlations are very similar, whether
cotinine is correlated with reported or logged smoking. Correlations with
measures ...
9
Children in America: National Indicator of Well-being
B. Blood cotinine levels: Percentage of children ages 4-17 with specified blood
cotinine levels by age, race and Hispanic origin," 1988-1994 and 1999-2002
Characteristic 1988-1994 1999-2002 Ages 4-1 7 Total Any detectable cotinine
Blood ...
10
Mass Spectrometry in Cancer Research
The mean maximum urinary cotinine concentration was 22 mg/L in children and
13 mg/L in adults.188 A GC/EIMS technique for the quantification of cotinine and
fra/is-3'-hydroxycotinine in subjects receiving transdermal nicotine (11 to 44 ...
10 NOTIZIE DOVE SI INCLUDE IL TERMINE «COTININE»
Vedi di che si parla nei media nazionali e internazionali e come viene utilizzato il termine ino
cotinine nel contesto delle seguenti notizie.
Meta-analysis reveals significant association of 3′-UTR VNTR in …
... their answers were confirmed by the expiratory carbon monoxide (CO) or salivary cotinine concentration. As smoking cessation is a dynamic ... «Nature.com, lug 15»
Employers move to keep profit from going up in smoke
However, experts said most employers have stopped short of testing participants for nicotine, or its byproduct cotinine, and rely self-reporting by ... «Business Insurance, giu 15»
Translational utility of rodent hippocampal auditory gating in …
... Olincy A, Young DA, Freedman R. Increased levels of the nicotine metabolite cotinine in schizophrenic smokers compared to other smokers. «Nature.com, giu 15»
Secondhand Smoke Is Making Us and Our Children Sick
Researchers measure people's exposure to nicotine by the presence of the chemical cotinine, a marker of nicotine exposure, in their ... «The Root, giu 15»
You can stop smoking! Replace nicotine to help you so
Nicotine is principally metabolized in the liver to cotinine, its main metabolite but some nicotine remains active for 6 to 8 hours, especially if the ... «E-Pao.net, giu 15»
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke Among Kids In England Dropped …
Children's exposure to second-hand smoke was measured through the presence of cotinine, a nicotine derivative, in saliva samples. The body ... «Science 2.0, giu 15»
Public Release: 11-Jun-2015 Children's exposure to secondhand …
Children's exposure to second-hand smoke was measured through the presence of cotinine, a nicotine derivative, in saliva samples. The body ... «EurekAlert, giu 15»
Varenicline for Smoking Reduction Prior to Cessation
Although urinary or salivary measures of cotinine are widely considered the criterion standard for determining abstinence and can be used in ... «JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, giu 15»
Study finds widespread drug pollution in Minnesota lakes, rivers
Elk Lake, in Itasca State Park, contained DEET, cotinine, metformin, colchicine and BPA. Most of the compounds found were in small amounts ... «TwinCities.com-Pioneer Press, giu 15»
Smokers Having Surgery Need More Anesthesia, Painkillers: Study
Smoking status was measured by levels of cotinine in the blood. Cotinine is a by-product of nicotine, the researchers said. Compared with ... «Newsmax, mag 15»