"reform"辞典での英語の意味

REFORMの語源

Via Old French from Latin reformāre to form again.

語源は、言葉の起源とその構造、意義の変化を研究するものです。

英語でREFORMの発音

reform  [rɪˈfɔːm]

英語でREFORMはどんな意味ですか？

改革

Reform

改革とは、何が間違っているか、腐敗しているか、不十分であるかなどの改善または改正を意味する。このような言葉の使用は、1700年代後半に始まり、クリストファー・ウィヴィルの連合運動が「議会改革」を主目的 。 改革は一般に革命と区別される。 後者は基本的または根本的な変化を意味する。 改革はシステムの基本を変えずに微調整や重大な間違いを是正することに過ぎない。 改革は、それを立て直すためにシステムを改善しようとします。 一方、過激派は、システムを改善しようと努力するが、それが政府かそれとも人々の集団であろうと、打倒しようとする。 対照的に、現職の回転や期限は、現職者と構成員の間の基本的な政治的結びつきを変える上で、より革新的であろう。 開発途上国は、多くの場合、国際金融機関や援助機関の支援を得て、生活水準を改善するための幅広い改革を実施する可能性がある。 これには、マクロ経済政策、公務員、公的財務管理の改革が含まれる。

Reform means the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc. The use of the word in this way emerges in the late 1700s and is believed to originate from Christopher Wyvill’s Association movement which identified “Parliamentary Reform” as its primary aim. Reform is generally distinguished from revolution. The latter means basic or radical change; whereas reform may be no more than fine tuning, or at most redressing serious wrongs without altering the fundamentals of the system. Reform seeks to improve the system as it stands, never to overthrow it wholesale. Radicals on the other hand, seek to improve the system, but try to overthrow whether it be the government or a group of people themselves. Rotation in office or term limits would, by contrast, be more revolutionary, in altering basic political connections between incumbents and constituents. Developing countries may carry out a wide range of reforms to improve their living standards, often with support from international financial institutions and aid agencies. This can include reforms to macroeconomic policy, the civil service, and public financial management.

英語辞典でのreformの定義

辞書の改革の最初の定義は、乱用の改ざんや修正によって改善することです。 改革の他の定義は、忌まわしい習慣や不道徳な生活様式をあきらめたり、放棄したりすることです。 改革は、熱、圧力、触媒の作用によってガソリンとしての使用に適するように分子構造を変化させることでもある。

英語の動詞REFORMの活用

PRESENT

Present

I reform

you reform

he/she/it reforms

we reform

you reform

they reform

Present continuous

I am reforming

you are reforming

he/she/it is reforming

we are reforming

you are reforming

they are reforming

Present perfect

I have reformed

you have reformed

he/she/it has reformed

we have reformed

you have reformed

they have reformed

Present perfect continuous

I have been reforming

you have been reforming

he/she/it has been reforming

we have been reforming

you have been reforming

they have been reforming

PAST

Past

I reformed

you reformed

he/she/it reformed

we reformed

you reformed

they reformed

Past continuous

I was reforming

you were reforming

he/she/it was reforming

we were reforming

you were reforming

they were reforming

Past perfect

I had reformed

you had reformed

he/she/it had reformed

we had reformed

you had reformed

they had reformed

Past perfect continuous

I had been reforming

you had been reforming

he/she/it had been reforming

we had been reforming

you had been reforming

they had been reforming

FUTURE

Future

I will reform

you will reform

he/she/it will reform

we will reform

you will reform

they will reform

Future continuous

I will be reforming

you will be reforming

he/she/it will be reforming

we will be reforming

you will be reforming

they will be reforming

Future perfect

I will have reformed

you will have reformed

he/she/it will have reformed

we will have reformed

you will have reformed

they will have reformed

Future perfect continuous

I will have been reforming

you will have been reforming

he/she/it will have been reforming

we will have been reforming

you will have been reforming

they will have been reforming

CONDITIONAL

Conditional

I would reform

you would reform

he/she/it would reform

we would reform

you would reform

they would reform

Conditional continuous

I would be reforming

you would be reforming

he/she/it would be reforming

we would be reforming

you would be reforming

they would be reforming

Conditional perfect

I would have reform

you would have reform

he/she/it would have reform

we would have reform

you would have reform

they would have reform

Conditional perfect continuous

I would have been reforming

you would have been reforming

he/she/it would have been reforming

we would have been reforming

you would have been reforming

they would have been reforming

IMPERATIVE

Imperative

you reform
we let´s reform
you reform

NONFINITE VERB FORMS

Infinitive

to reform

Past participle

reformed

Present Participle

reforming

英語で«REFORM»の同義語

次の英語の単語は、«reform»と似た意味または同じ意味を持ち、同じ文法範疇に属します。

reformの英語での同義語

ameliorate · amelioration · amend · amendment · better · betterment · correct · correction · emend · get it together · go straight · improve · improvement · mend · rebuild · reclaim · reconstitute · reconstruct · rectification · rectify · regenerate · rehabilitate · rehabilitation · remodel · renovate · renovation · reorganize · repair · restore · revolutionize · shape up · turn over a new leaf

REFORMの翻訳

当社の英語多言語翻訳者が翻訳した25ヵ国語のreformを探してみましょう。

自動統計翻訳によって、このセクションで示されている英語から他の言語へのreformの翻訳を訳しました。この場合は、必須の翻訳単位は英語で«reform»という単語です。

• 英語翻訳家 - 中国語: 改革
• 英語翻訳家 - スペイン語: reforma
• 英語: reform
• 英語翻訳家 - ヒンディー語: सुधार
• 英語翻訳家 - アラビア語: الإصلاح
• 英語翻訳家 - ロシア語: реформа
• 英語翻訳家 - ポルトガル語: reforma
• 英語翻訳家 - ベンガル語: reforge
• 英語翻訳家 - フランス語: réforme
• 英語翻訳家 - マレー語: Reforge
• 英語翻訳家 - ドイツ語: Reform
• 英語翻訳家 - 日本語: 改革
• 英語翻訳家 - 韓国語: 개혁
• 英語翻訳家 - ジャワ語: Reforge
• 英語翻訳家 - ベトナム語: canh tân
• 英語翻訳家 - タミル語: மீண்டும் ஒன்றிணைத்து
• 英語翻訳家 - マラーティー語: पुनर्जन्म
• 英語翻訳家 - トルコ語: reforge
• 英語翻訳家 - イタリア語: riforma
• 英語翻訳家 - ポーランド語: reforma
• 英語翻訳家 - ウクライナ語: реформа
• 英語翻訳家 - ルーマニア語: reforma
• 英語翻訳家 - ギリシャ語: μεταρρύθμιση
• 英語翻訳家 - アフリカーンス語: hervorming
• 英語翻訳家 - スウェーデン語: reform
• 英語翻訳家 - ノルウェー語: reform

英語での«REFORM»の引用

reformという言葉で有名な引用文や文章

1

Sal Albanese

It always takes a scandal to bring about reform.

2

Marcia Angell

Liberals are wrong to think that opposition to health reform is a rejection of big government. If health reform consisted of extending Medicare to everyone, people would be delighted. There are millions of 64-year-olds out there who can hardly wait to be 65.

3

Evan Bayh

Of course, the genesis of a good portion of the gridlock in Congress does not reside in Congress itself. Ultimate reform will require each of us, as voters and Americans, to take a long look in the mirror, because in many ways, our representatives in Washington reflect the people who have sent them there.

4

Phil Bredesen

It's not health care reform to dump more money into Medicaid.

5

Rory Bremner

When I first met Tony Blair in 1996, he was open and idealistic, keen to bring a breath of fresh air to government. But something happened - was it just the arrogance of power? - that narrowed Labour's vision from purposeful reform and investment, to peevish and petulant pragmatism.

6

Jim Bridenstine

Rather than passing a thousand pages of tax reform legislation and restarting the tax code manipulation process, we should change the paradigm. It is time to eliminate the IRS and repeal the 16th Amendment.

7

Art Buchwald

Tax reform is taking the taxes off things that have been taxed in the past and putting taxes on things that haven't been taxed before.

8

Mel Carnahan

For our welfare reform efforts to be successful, we must empower local charitable organizations with the resources to address their local community needs.

9

Nick Clegg

The Conservative Party is not honouring the commitment to Lords reform and, as a result, part of our contract has now been broken. Clearly I cannot permit a situation where Conservative rebels can pick and choose the parts of the contract they like, while Liberal Democrat MPs are bound to the entire agreement.

10

Kent Conrad

We've got to have major health care reform because that is the 800-pound gorilla. That is the thing that can swamp the boat fiscally for the United States.

«REFORM»に関連する英語の本

以下の図書目録からreformの使いかたを見つけましょう。reformに関する本と英語文献で使われた文脈を提供するための簡単な抜粋文。

Inside National Health Reform

This indispensable guide to the Affordable Care Act, our new national health care law, lends an insider’s deep understanding of policy to a lively and absorbing account of the extraordinary—and extraordinarily ambitious—legislative ...

John E. McDonough, 2011

Welfare Reform: Effects of a Decade of Change

In Welfare Reform, Jeffrey Grogger and Lynn Karoly assemble evidence from numerous studies to assess how welfare reform has affected behavior.

Jeff GROGGER, Lynn A. Karoly, Jeff Grogger, 2009

Radical reform: Islamic ethics and liberation

In this new book, Ramadan addresses Muslim societies and communities everywhere with a bold call for radical reform. He challenges those who argue defensively that reform is a dangerous and foreign deviation, and a betrayal of the faith.

Tariq Ramadan, 2008

The Political Logic of Economic Reform in China

Combining theoretical ambition with the flavor of on-the-ground policy-making in Beijing, this book is a major contribution to the study of reform in China and other communist countries.

Susan L. Shirk, 1993

Prostitution: Prevention and Reform in England, 1860-1914

This indispensable book reveals: * reformers' attitudes towards prostitutes and prostitution * daily life inside reform institutions * attempts at moral education * developments in moral health theories * influence of eugenics * attempts at ...

Paula Bartley, 2000

UN Security Council Reform and the Right of Veto: A ...

Analyse af FN's sikkerhedsråd og en reform af dette.

Bardo Fassbender, 1998

Health Care Reform Around the World

The book discusses trends in medical care, options for the organization of medical and other services, and reasons why market modes of organization are in the ascendant at the expense of democratic and professional interests.

Andrew C. Twaddle, 2002

The Age of Reform

This book is a landmark in American political thought.

Richard Hofstadter, 2011

Pay for Play: A History of Big-time College Athletic Reform

This book traces attempts at college athletics reform from 1855 through the early twenty-first century while analyzing the different roles played by students, faculty, conferences, university presidents, the NCAA, legislatures, and the ...

Ronald Austin Smith, 2011

Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of ...

Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of 'brainwashing' in China

Robert Jay Lifton, 1989

用語«REFORM»を含むニュース項目

国内外の報道機関が語った内容や、次のニュース項目の文脈からreformという用語がどのように使われているかを調べてみましょう。

Tsipras secures backing of Greek MPs for crucial reforms

The Greek parliament backed a second round of reforms demanded by creditors early on Thursday but the vote revealed a deepening rift in the radical leftwing ... «Financial Times, 7月 15»

Hong Kong Lawmakers Reject Electoral-Reform Proposal Backed …

Proponents said the reforms would be a first step in a longer process of democratization, while the opposition said they would instead lead to political stagnation ... «TIME, 6月 15»

UPDATE 1-G20 discusses plans to sidestep US on IMF reforms

But the Obama administration, which supports the reforms, has been unable to persuade the U.S. Congress to pass funding changes necessary for the ... «Reuters, 4月 15»

Greece says sending reform list on Friday

Greece has sent its creditors a long-awaited list of reforms with a pledge to produce a small budget surplus this year in the hope that it will unlock badly needed ... «CNBC, 3月 15»

Economic Reform Is Best Path for Greece

Greece has no good Plan B's. Its only rational course of action is to work with its eurozone creditors to reform its economy. Alexis Tsipras, the prime minister, is in ... «New York Times, 3月 15»

Greece readies reform promises after Eurogroup climbdown

Greece's government prepared reform measures on Sunday to secure a financial lifeline from the euro zone, but was attacked for selling "illusions" to voters after ... «CNBC, 2月 15»

Why didn't Obama pass immigration reform when he had the chance?

Reform was a "serious concern," Obama told a group of regional reporters in March ... to believe he was committed to introducing a comprehensive reform bill. «Washington Examiner, 9月 14»

Here's One Republican's Sweeping Plan To Overhaul America's Tax …

"As Democrats, we believe it is vital that tax reform encourage economic growth, support working families, broaden the middle class, and address income ... «Business Insider, 2月 14»

5 Reasons Immigration Reform Is Going Nowhere Fast

House Speaker John Boehner said Thursday that he can't see a path forward on immigration reform and asked President Barack Obama to do more on the ... «TIME, 2月 14»

Text of Republicans' Principles on Immigration

In addition, we must ensure now that when immigration reform is enacted, there will be a zero tolerance policy for those who cross the border illegally or overstay ... «New York Times, 1月 14»