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在"英语"词典里negative campaigning}的意思

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词典
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英语中NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING的发音

negative campaigning  [ˈneɡətɪv ˌkæmˈpeɪnɪŋ] play
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NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING的语法类别

noun
形容词
动词
副词
代词
介词
连词
限定词
感叹词

NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING在英语中的意思是什么?

点击查看«negative campaigning»在英语词典里的原始定义
点击查看在中文词典里此定义的自动翻译

消极的竞选活动

Negative campaigning

消极的竞选活动也被俗称为“混乱”,正在通过提及对手或政策的消极方面而不是强调自己的积极属性或优先政策来赢得优势。 在最广泛的意义上,该术语涵盖任何修辞,其中一种以广告方式指向对方。 大多数市场上都有负面的竞选活动,其中有想法有争议。 在美国的政治中,“混乱”被称为“像密西西比河一样美国”。 一些研究表明,消极运动是所有政治场合的规范,只有通过特定比赛的动态减轻。 Negative campaigning, also known more colloquially as "mudslinging", is trying to win an advantage by referring to negative aspects of an opponent or of a policy rather than emphasizing one's own positive attributes or preferred policies. In the broadest sense, the term covers any rhetoric in which one refers to one's opponent in an ad hominem manner. Negative campaigning can be found in most marketplaces where ideas are contested. In U.S. politics, "mudslinging" has been called "as American as Mississippi mud". Some research suggests negative campaigning is the norm in all political venues, mitigated only by the dynamics of a particular contest.

在英语 词典里negative campaigning的定义

字典中消极运动的定义是政治运动,政治家或政党聚焦于批评另一个政治家或政党,而不是强调自己的积极素质。

The definition of negative campaigning in the dictionary is political campaigning in which a politician or party focuses on criticizing another politician or party rather than emphasizing their own positive qualities.

点击查看«negative campaigning»在英语词典里的原始定义
点击查看在中文词典里此定义的自动翻译

NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING押韵的英语 单词


award-winning
əˈwɔːdˌwɪnɪŋ
beginning
bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ
caning
ˈkeɪnɪŋ
combining
kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ
designing
dɪˈzaɪnɪŋ
determining
dɪˈtɜːmɪnɪŋ
draining
ˈdreɪnɪŋ
entertaining
ˌɛntəˈteɪnɪŋ
Groening
ˈɡreɪnɪŋ
lining
ˈlaɪnɪŋ
mining
ˈmaɪnɪŋ
reigning
ˈreɪnɪŋ
remaining
rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ
retraining
ˌriːˈtreɪnɪŋ
signing
ˈsaɪnɪŋ
sustaining
səsˈteɪnɪŋ
training
ˈtreɪnɪŋ
veining
ˈveɪnɪŋ
waning
ˈweɪnɪŋ
winning
ˈwɪnɪŋ

NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING一样开头的英语单词

negative
negative bending moment
negative cash flow
negative charge
negative equity
negative feedback
negative hallucination
negative income tax
negative number
negative particle
negative polarity
negative pole
negative prescription
negative profit
negative reinforcement
negative resistance
negative sign
negative tax
negative-raising
negatively

NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING一样开头的英语单词

book signing
burning
cleaning
concerning
conditioning
evening
learning
listening
meaning
morning
opening
planning
running
stunning
the top of the morning
tuning
turning
undesigning
unfeigning
warning

英语近义词词典里negative campaigning的近义词和反义词

近义词

«negative campaigning»的25种语言翻译

翻译者
online translator

NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING的翻译

通过我们的英语多语言翻译器,找到negative campaigning25种语言翻译
该章节所呈现的将negative campaigning由 英语向其他语言的翻译是通过自动统计翻译获得的;在英语中基本的翻译单位是单词«negative campaigning»。

翻译者英语 - 中文

负面竞选
1,325 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 西班牙语

campañas negativas
570 数百万发言者

英语

negative campaigning
510 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 印地语

नकारात्मक चुनाव प्रचार
380 数百万发言者
ar

翻译者英语 - 阿拉伯语

الحملات السلبية
280 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 俄语

негативной агитации
278 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 葡萄牙语

campanha negativa
270 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 孟加拉语

নেতিবাচক প্রচারণা
260 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 法语

campagne négative
220 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 马来语

Kempen negatif
190 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 德语

negative Kampagnen
180 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 日语

ネガティブキャンペーン
130 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 韩语

네거티브 캠페인
85 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 印尼爪哇语

Kampanye negatif
85 数百万发言者
vi

翻译者英语 - 越南语

vận động tiêu cực
80 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 泰米尔语

எதிர்மறை பிரச்சாரம்
75 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 马拉地语

नकारात्मक प्रचार
75 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 土耳其语

Olumsuz kampanya
70 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 意大利语

campagna negativa
65 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 波兰语

negatywna kampania
50 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 乌克兰语

негативної агітації
40 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 罗马尼亚语

o campanie negativă
30 数百万发言者
el

翻译者英语 - 希腊语

αρνητική εκστρατεία
15 数百万发言者
af

翻译者英语 - 布尔语(南非荷兰语)

negatiewe veldtog
14 数百万发言者
sv

翻译者英语 - 瑞典语

negativ kampanj
10 数百万发言者
no

翻译者英语 - 挪威语

negativ valgkamp
5 数百万发言者

negative campaigning的使用趋势

趋势

词语 «NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING»的使用趋势

0
100%
频率
很少使用
43
/100
此处所显示的地图给出了词语«negative campaigning»在不同国家的使用频率。
negative campaigning的主要搜索趋势和常见用法
用户为查找我们的英语在线词典以及单词«negative campaigning»的最常用表达而进行的主要搜索的列表。

词语«NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING» 随时间而变化的使用频率

该图表展现了单词«negative campaigning»在过去500年中的用法频率的每年演化其实施是基于分析词语«negative campaigning»从1500年到现在在 英语数字出版物中出现的频率。

negative campaigning的英语文献、引用和新闻中的使用范例

示例

«NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING»的英语 引用

单词negative campaigning的知名引用和例句
1
Peter Jennings
I think sometimes negative campaigning, like so much, is in the eye of the beholder, and I don't think we'll ever get rid of it.
2
George McGovern
Somehow politicians have become convinced that negative campaigning pays off in elections.

«NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING»相关的英语书籍

在以下的参考文献中发现negative campaigning的用法。与negative campaigning相关的书籍以及同一来源的简短摘要提供其在 英语文献中的使用情境。
1
Negative Campaigning: An Analysis of U.S. Senate Elections
Upending conventional wisdom, Lau (political science, Rutgers U.) and Pomper (emeritus, political science, Rutgers U.) quantitatively analyze negative political campaigning in competitive Senatorial elections between 1992 and 2002, finding ...
Richard R. Lau, Gerald M. Pomper, 2004
2
Going Dirty: The Art of Negative Campaigning
The book includes case studies on notable races throughout the television era in which new negative campaign strategies were introduced, or existing tactics were refined and amplified upon.
David Mark, 2009
3
Political consultants and negative campaigning: the secrets ...
This book examines the role played by negative campaigning through a national survey of professional political consultants.
Kerwin C. Swint, 1998
4
Mudslingers: The Twenty-Five Dirtiest Political Campaigns of ...
Explores the 25 most negative campaigns in American history, including key mayoral races, especially nasty gubernatorial contests, divisive runs for the U.S. Senate, and presidential mudslinging.
Kerwin C. Swint, 2008
5
Global Political Campaigning: A Worldwide Analysis of ...
Negative campaigning is since then not only limited to the tone of political advertising and the insulting intensity of personal attacks on character and integrity of political opponents, but also implies the use of questionable campaign techniques ...
Fritz Plasser, Gunda Plasser, 2002
6
Maryland Politics and Political Communication, 1950-2005
Negative campaigning is nothing new: it goes back to the 19th Century. In fact, throughout the history of American politics, it has proved dominant in scattered campaigns. Campaigns launched against Andrew Jackson and Grover Cleveland ...
Theodore F. Sheckels, 2006
7
America at Odds
Why All the Negative Campaigning? The 2000 and 2004 presidential elections featured extremely close, bitterly fought races. Some commentators have argued that American politics has become increasingly polarized in recent years, causing ...
Edward Sidlow, Beth Henschen, 2005
8
Presidential Campaigns, Slogans, Issues, and Platforms: The ...
But only recently has negative campaigning itself come under attack. A number of different types of campaign ads or messages fall within the broad definition of negative campaigning. Through the second half of the twentieth century, the ...
Robert North Roberts, Scott John Hammond, 2012
9
Political Campaigning in Referendums: Framing the Referendum ...
Since the evidence from the United States on the effects of negative campaigning on turnout is not consistent, we need to address the specific conditions under which such negative effects may occur. This referendum campaign took place in a ...
Holli A. Semetko, Claes H. de Vreese, 2004
10
New Directions in Media and Politics
Rather, candidates have extended traditional negative campaigning to online campaigning. While in 2008 Barack Obama focused on web-based strategies, he also set a record for the amount of money spent on televised ads. Effects of Online ...
Travis N. Ridout, 2013

包含词语«NEGATIVE CAMPAIGNING»的新条目

找出国内和国际出版社所讨论的内容,以及词语negative campaigning在以下新条目的上下文中是如何使用的。
1
Letters to the editor, July 24: David Fox and Super PAC
No to negative ads. Go home, Super PACs! Our seven mayoral candidates renounced negative campaigning to be able to dialogue the true ... «The Tennessean, 七月 15»
2
SEN. THOMAS J. McGARRIGLE: Gov. Wolf's political attack ads don …
It is time for Gov. Tom Wolf to end the negative campaigning and begin working with the General Assembly. Nine months after the 2014 ... «The Mercury, 七月 15»
3
Jefferson Center's plan to engage young voters wins Knight News …
The Jefferson Center says many young voters "cite negative campaigning and a lack of substantive information as primary reasons they avoid the polls.". «MinnPost, 七月 15»
4
Is sex appeal the secret of Jeremy Corbyn's success?
Is it, as Labourlist.org points out, that he has "a clear narrative with no mixed messages or negative campaigning"? Could it be that he ... «Telegraph.co.uk, 七月 15»
5
Parties unveil candidates for regional list seat
... party, I'm looking forward to debating the issues and I'd like to avoid any negative campaigning. I think everyone should behave with dignity. «The Dumbarton and Vale of Leven Reporter, 七月 15»
6
Knight Foundation takes financial interest in Akron area as younger …
Many eligible voters, particularly younger ones, cite negative campaigning and a lack of substantive information as primary reasons they avoid ... «Akron Beacon Journal, 七月 15»
7
Legal overview calls for guarded openness
The negative campaigning about wishing the corporation would open their books was requested to be halted. To read all of today's stories, ... «Black Hills Pioneer, 七月 15»
8
Sunburn – The morning read of what's hot in Florida politics – July 22
Politics is as tough and nasty a business as you can find, and the Bushes are highly skilled at the dark art of negative campaigning. While they ... «SaintPetersBlog, 七月 15»
9
Three myths about negative campaign ads
More significantly, the report goes on to say, “If anything, negative campaigning more frequently appears to have a slight mobilizing effect. «The Globe and Mail, 七月 15»
10
July 22, 2015 Dan Rivers ( Full Kasich speech)
... and he refuses to slam Hillary Clinton as he disdains negative campaigning, saying in New Hampshire last night that his political career has ... «WKBN, 七月 15»

参考文献
« EDUCALINGO. Negative campaigning [在线]. 可用 <https://educalingo.com/zh/dic-en/negative-campaigning>. 五月 2024 ».
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