Meaning of "calque" in the English dictionary

ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD CALQUE

From French: a tracing, from calquer, from Latin calcāre to tread.

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.

PRONUNCIATION OF CALQUE

calque  [kælk]

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF CALQUE

Calque is a verb and can also act as a noun.

A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

The verb is the part of the sentence that is conjugated and expresses action and state of being.

See the conjugation of the verb calque in English.

WHAT DOES CALQUE MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Calque

In linguistics, a calque or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word or root-for-root translation. Used as a verb, "to calque" means to borrow a word or phrase from another language while translating its components so as to create a new lexeme in the target language. "Calque" is a loanword from a French noun, and derives from the verb calquer. "Loanword" is a calque of the German Lehnwort, just as "loan translation" is of Lehnübersetzung. Proving that a word is a calque sometimes requires more documentation than does an untranslated loanword because, in some cases, a similar phrase might have arisen in both languages independently. This is less likely to be the case when the grammar of the proposed calque is quite different from that of the borrowing language or when the calque contains less obvious imagery. Calquing is distinct from phono-semantic matching. While calquing includes semantic translation, it does not consist of phonetic matching.

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO CALQUE

PRESENT

Present

I calque

you calque

he/she/it calques

we calque

you calque

they calque

Present continuous

I am calquing

you are calquing

he/she/it is calquing

we are calquing

you are calquing

they are calquing

Present perfect

I have calqued

you have calqued

he/she/it has calqued

we have calqued

you have calqued

they have calqued

Present perfect continuous

I have been calquing

you have been calquing

he/she/it has been calquing

we have been calquing

you have been calquing

they have been calquing

Present tense is used to refer to circumstances that exist at the present time or over a period that includes the present time. The present perfect refers to past events, although it can be considered to denote primarily the resulting present situation rather than the events themselves.

PAST

Past

I calqued

you calqued

he/she/it calqued

we calqued

you calqued

they calqued

Past continuous

I was calquing

you were calquing

he/she/it was calquing

we were calquing

you were calquing

they were calquing

Past perfect

I had calqued

you had calqued

he/she/it had calqued

we had calqued

you had calqued

they had calqued

Past perfect continuous

I had been calquing

you had been calquing

he/she/it had been calquing

we had been calquing

you had been calquing

they had been calquing

Past tense forms express circumstances existing at some time in the past,

FUTURE

Future

I will calque

you will calque

he/she/it will calque

we will calque

you will calque

they will calque

Future continuous

I will be calquing

you will be calquing

he/she/it will be calquing

we will be calquing

you will be calquing

they will be calquing

Future perfect

I will have calqued

you will have calqued

he/she/it will have calqued

we will have calqued

you will have calqued

they will have calqued

Future perfect continuous

I will have been calquing

you will have been calquing

he/she/it will have been calquing

we will have been calquing

you will have been calquing

they will have been calquing

The future is used to express circumstances that will occur at a later time.

CONDITIONAL

Conditional

I would calque

you would calque

he/she/it would calque

we would calque

you would calque

they would calque

Conditional continuous

I would be calquing

you would be calquing

he/she/it would be calquing

we would be calquing

you would be calquing

they would be calquing

Conditional perfect

I would have calque

you would have calque

he/she/it would have calque

we would have calque

you would have calque

they would have calque

Conditional perfect continuous

I would have been calquing

you would have been calquing

he/she/it would have been calquing

we would have been calquing

you would have been calquing

they would have been calquing

Conditional or "future-in-the-past" tense refers to hypothetical or possible actions.

IMPERATIVE

Imperative

you calque
we let´s calque
you calque

The imperative is used to form commands or requests.

NONFINITE VERB FORMS

Infinitive

to calque

Past participle

calqued

Present Participle

calquing

Infinitive shows the action beyond temporal perspective. The present participle or gerund shows the action during the session. The past participle shows the action after completion.

TRANSLATION OF CALQUE

Find out the translation of calque to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

The translations of calque from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «calque» in English.

• Translator English - Chinese: calque
• Translator English - Spanish: calque
• English: calque
• Translator English - Hindi: calque
• Translator English - Arabic: calque
• Translator English - Russian: калька
• Translator English - Portuguese: calque
• Translator English - Bengali: calque
• Translator English - French: calque
• Translator English - Malay: Calque
• Translator English - German: calque
• Translator English - Japanese: 借用翻訳
• Translator English - Korean: calque
• Translator English - Javanese: Calque
• Translator English - Vietnamese: calque
• Translator English - Tamil: calque
• Translator English - Marathi: काकडी
• Translator English - Turkish: calque
• Translator English - Italian: calco
• Translator English - Polish: kalka
• Translator English - Ukrainian: калька
• Translator English - Romanian: Calque
• Translator English - Greek: calque
• Translator English - Afrikaans: calque
• Translator English - Swedish: calque
• Translator English - Norwegian: calque

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «CALQUE»

Discover the use of calque in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to calque and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.

The Influence of French on Eighteenth-century Literary ...

gism), lehnbedeuntung (semantic calque), lehniibersetzung (morphological calque) and Lexikalische Neuerungen.22 The linguists Betz, Schuman and Martin offered a detailed classification of calques,23 as did Molnar, who proposed the ...

May Smith, 2006

Measured Language: Quantitative Studies of Acquisition, ...

'no más' calque nonstandard gender agreement nonstandard object pronoun elongated /s/ calque non-standard article ... calque non-standard number agreement non-standard verb conjugation non-standard preposition agreement ...

Jeffrey Connor-Linton, Luke Wander Amoroso, 2014

Sociocultural Aspects of Translating and Interpreting

gan pēc citas teorijas tas savu vārdu Ebreju kalns [calque, the mountain of Jews] ieguvis no ebreju kapsētas, kas kādreiz tur bijusi. Ūdens trūkuma dēļ kalns bija mazapdzīvots līdz pat 1640. gadam, kad tā galā tika uzcelta pils. 1929. gadā ...

Anthony Pym, Miriam Shlesinger, Zuzana Jettmarova, 2006

Readings in the Sociology of Jewish Languages

'CHRISTIANISMS" IN JUDEO-SPANISH (CALQUE AND VERNACULAR) HAÏM VIDAL SEPHIHA* Université de Paris, Sorbonne VIII, I.N.L.C.D. et E.P.H.E. (IVe section-Sorbonru ) , Paris Problematics of Judeo-Spanish I can only give here a ...

Joshua A. Fishman, 1985

Thinking German Translation: A Course in Translation Method

Nevertheless, the example illustrates very well the alternatives in cultural transposition, including the one we have yet to discuss, namely calque. Calque ' The morning guest never stays long' is a calque, an expression that consists of TL words ...

Sándor Hervey, Mr Ian Higgins, Senior Lecturer in English Literature Ian Higgins, 2003

Where a Dobdob Meets a Dikdik: A Word Lover's Guide to the ...

Typically fuzzy and wrong, the Wikipedia entry on calques states that “Rest in Peace” is a calque ofthe Latin Requiescat in Pace. No, it is not a calque. “Rest in Peace” is a translation ofthe Latin epitaph. A calque is not a translation. A calque  ...

Bill Casselman, 2010

Translation Practices: Through Language to Culture

Given the different possible reasons for the existence of similar phrase- mes in the two languages, I think that it is important that any 'new' calque be accompanied by an explanation of why it is believed that calquing has taken place. Also ...

Ashley Chantler, Carla Dente, 2009

Specialised Dictionaries for Learners

Morpho-semantic calque translation in BDT Some foreign terms may use a certain letter or a shaping word, together with another content word, to designate an object based on its external structure. Since the mere reproduction of its concept is ...

Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera, 2010

Thinking Spanish Translation: A Course in Translation ...

Calque A less radical form of foreignization is to translate ST material into the TL without making it fully convincing as discourse produced by a native speaker of the TL; that is, to subject it to calque — literal translation generating expressions ...

Louise Haywood, Michael Thompson, Sándor Hervey, 2013

Comparative-historical Linguistics: Indo-European and ...

Dans des cas analogues Meillet incline à considérer le composé arménien emprunté à l'iranien: ainsi il considère arm. a$xarh-a-kal calque du mot iranien qui se présente en parthe sous la forme Sahrôyâr , et en m. perse sous la forme ...

Bela Brogyanyi, Reiner Lipp, 1993

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «CALQUE»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term calque is used in the context of the following news items.

Chemical linguistics

... Lavoisier's false Greek neologism of 'oxygen', while others (German, Hebrew, Russian) calque it into 'acid-maker' in their respective tongues, ... «Royal Society of Chemistry, Jun 15»

Lo mejor de la semana del E3 2015

Square Enix ha cedido a los deseos de los fans y rehará el clásico juego de 1997, eso sí, que nadie espere que se calque línea por línea, ... «juegosDB, Jun 15»

Goupillières Jean-Yves Brochard prépare son deuxième tour de …

C'est un circuit touristique, je ne recherche pas la vitesse. Je vais rentrer dans les villes pour faire des photos. Je calque sur une moyenne de ... «Le Courrier de l'Eure, May 15»

Popular Expressions English Borrowed From Other Languages

Interestingly, this alternative word for calque or direct translation is itself not original to English! The Random House Dictionary says the word is ... «AllAfrica.com, Apr 15»

Photo du jour : un ministre en vacances avec Slim Riahi

Des dirigeant ou des gouvernants d'un appareil d'état calqué sur un ... qui se calque de plus en plus sur le modèle somalien ou afghan. «Business News, Apr 15»

Why Mapping Matters for Amsterdam's Startup Culture

Linked to blog article http://www.startup-book.com/2013/11/29/silicon-valley-unicorns-on-a-map/. Made with Google My Maps. Calque sans titre. «CityLab, Apr 15»

Do we speak Maltese?

... washing machine will belong to code-switching; televiżjoni, stima, president (ta' kumitat), magna tal-ħasil (a calque) will be Maltese. Televixin ... «Times of Malta, Mar 15»

Men's room: Hermès' gentlemanly space

The answer, I realised with some relish, included flyweight jackets and shirting in a technique called “effets du calque” – a paper-like, layered ... «Telegraph.co.uk, Mar 15»

Date set for public forum with W. Kamau Bell and Elmwood Café in …

That they remain a nullity seems very ok with the social justice calque here at B-side. Would a black Berkeley cafe waitress fired on the spot ... «Berkeleyside, Mar 15»

Q and A on Nigerian English Salutations, Pronouns, and Usage

So it's unlikely that it's a calque. (A calque is defined as “an expression introduced into one language by translating it from another language. «Daily Trust, Feb 15»