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Meaning of "hartal" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD HARTAL

From Hindi hartāl, from hāt shop (from Sanskrit hatta) + tālā bolt for a door (from Sanskrit: latch).
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Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
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PRONUNCIATION OF HARTAL

hartal  [hɑːˈtɑːl] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF HARTAL

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Hartal is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES HARTAL MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Hartal

Hortal is a term in many South Asian languages for strike action, first used during the Indian Independence Movement. It is mass protest often involving a total shutdown of workplaces, offices, shops, courts of law as a form of civil disobedience. In addition to being a general strike, it involves the voluntary closing of schools and places of business. It is a mode of appealing to the sympathies of a government to change an unpopular or unacceptable decision. The term comes from Gujarati, signifying the closing down of shops and warehouses with the object of realizing a demand. Mahatma Gandhi, who hailed from Gujarat, used the term to refer to his anti-British general strikes, effectively institutionalizing the term. The contemporary origins of such a form of public protest dates back to the British colonial rule in India. Repressive actions infringing on human rights by the colonial British Government and princely states against countrywide peaceful movement for ending British rule in India often triggered such localized public protest, for instance in Benares and Bardoli.

Definition of hartal in the English dictionary

The definition of hartal in the dictionary is the act of closing shops or suspending work, esp in political protest.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH HARTAL


artal
ˈɑːtɑːl
carl
kɑːl
Dahl
dɑːl
dal
dɑːl
Emmental
ˈɛmənˌtɑːl
Emmenthal
ˈɛmənˌtɑːl
halal
hɑːˈlɑːl
Imphal
ɪmˈfɑːl
Internationale
ˌɪntənæʃəˈnɑːl
locale
ləʊˈkɑːl
morale
mɒˈrɑːl
musicale
ˌmjuːzɪˈkɑːl
Neandertal
nɪˈændətɑːl
Neanderthal
nɪˈændəˌtɑːl
Nembutal
ˈnɛmbjʊˌtɑːl
parle
pɑːl
taal
tɑːl
toile
twɑːl
tsotsitaal
ˈtsɔːtsɪˌtɑːl
Wiesenthal
ˈviːzənˌtɑːl

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE HARTAL

harrumph
harry
Harry Hotspur
harsh
harshen
harshly
harshness
harslet
hart
hart´s-tongue
hartbeest
Harte
hartebeest
Hartford
Harthacanute
Hartington
Hartlepool
Hartley
Hartnell
hartshorn

WORDS THAT END LIKE HARTAL

amortal
aortal
curtal
immortal
intersertal
mortal
nonmortal
portal
portal-to-portal
prepubertal
pubertal
sortal
transportal
unimmortal
Wuppertal

Synonyms and antonyms of hartal in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «hartal» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF HARTAL

Find out the translation of hartal to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of hartal from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «hartal» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

hartal
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

hartal
570 millions of speakers

English

hartal
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

हड़ताल
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

الاضراب
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

hartal
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

hartal
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

হরতাল
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

hartal
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Hartal
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

hartal
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

同盟休業
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

hartal
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Hartal
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

Hartal
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

ஹர்த்தாலை
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

हतबल
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

hartal
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

hartal
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

hartal
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

hartal
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

hartal
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

Hartal
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

hartal
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

hartal
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

hartal
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of hartal

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «HARTAL»

The term «hartal» is normally little used and occupies the 122.279 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
43
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «hartal» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of hartal
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «hartal».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «HARTAL» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «hartal» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «hartal» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about hartal

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «HARTAL»

Discover the use of hartal in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to hartal and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
We were making history: the Hartal of 1953
Newspaper extracts from Ceylon daily news and Samasamajist on the General Strike, Sri Lanka, 1953.
Wesley S. Muthiah, Sydney Wanasinghe, 2002
2
Gandhian Satyagraha : An Analytical And Critical Approach
Hartal Hartal, different from strike is a technique, a way to practice non- cooperation. It means a general cessation of work in a particular place or throughout the country as a mark of protest against particular act or policy of an institution or a ...
Ajay Shanker Rai, 2000
3
Gandhi and King: The Power of Nonviolent Resistance
In March 1919, just after one of the bills became law, Gandhi issued a statement calling for a nationwide hartal, a daylong strike involving fasting and prayer. Gandhi used the term hartal deliberately, for it meant more than just a work stoppage ...
Michael J. Nojeim, 2004
4
Gandhi's Rise to Power: Indian Politics 1915-1922
There were slight disturbances in Karachi and Bombay city, a hartal in Bombay city similar to the last one but probably helped by the news of Tilak's death, partial hartal in Hyderabad, but almost complete hartal in the districts of Ahmedabad, ...
Judith M. Brown, 1974
5
Bangladesh: Past and Present
One of the special characteristics of Bangladesh politics is hartal politics, a legacy of tactics of political agitation, which was used, in pre-partition India against a foreign ruler, the British raj. The calling of a hartal called by the opposition political ...
Salahuddin Ahmed, 2004
6
Political Development in Singapore, 1945-55
Nonetheless, his suggestion that the hartal be held on 20 October to coincide with the re-opening of the British Parliament was accepted.62 By early October the AMCJA-PUTERA had become the most active organizer of the hartal.
Kim Wah Yeo, 1973
7
English Language Teaching In IndiaProblems And Issues
to by very accurate because when shops are closed as a mark of sorrow or a form of mourning it is, strictly speaking, not a 'hartal' and the 'hartal' does not mean only closing of shops either e.g., employees also observe 'hartal' to press their ...
Qaiser Zoha Alam, 1998
8
Mahatma Gandhi: The Man and His Message
All India must observe a one day hartal, or strike. 'Everyone in India must stop work for one complete day,' he explained. 'Shops, offices, factories. . . all must close. Schools, too. And, for twenty-four hours, every Indian must fast and pray.
Donn Byrne, 1984
9
Gandhi's Experiments with Truth: Essential Writings by and ...
The date of the hartal was first fixed on the 30th March 1919, but was subsequently changed to 6th April. The people thus had only a short notice of the hartal. (459-60) Chapter XXXI: That Memorable Week! I But in the meanwhile Delhi had ...
Richard L. Johnson, 2006
10
The Business of Politics and Ethnicity: A History of the ...
In September 1947, Tan Cheng Lock persuaded the Malacca Chinese Chamber of Commerce to stage a hartal and ... a countrywide hartal and invited the AMCJA -PUTERA to participate.87 The Malaya-wide hartal was held on 20 October ...
Sikko Visscher, 2007

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «HARTAL»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term hartal is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Goofing all the way - Greater Kashmir
Whatever has been written in it is discussed on bakers -shop every hartal day in Kashmir. A.S Dulat India's former top spook wants us to believe ... «GreaterKashmir.com, Jul 15»
2
Hartal near-total, peaceful - The Hindu
The dawn-to-dusk hartal called by the Left Democratic Front (LDF) in protest against the alleged custodial death of a dalit youth at ... «The Hindu, Jul 15»
3
Victim's body cremated
... premises Monday afternoon in the presence of hundreds of people who had thronged the area, in spite of the district-wide hartal called by the ... «The Hindu, Jul 15»
4
Restrictions in downtown, separatists under house arrest
Sigificantly, Hurriyat groups, in a joint declaration, did not issue any hartal call on Martyrs Day skipping the tradition of last two and a half ... «Kasmir Monitor, Jul 15»
5
Custodial Death: LDF to Continue Protest
The LDF will observe a dawn-to-dusk hartal on Monday in protest against the alleged custodial death of Siby, a Dalit headload worker. «The New Indian Express, Jul 15»
6
CPI(M) using violence to hide political setbacks: DCC
The LDF-sponsored hartal on Friday was yet another example of the anti-people stance of the CPI(M), creating hardship to the general public, ... «The Hindu, Jul 15»
7
'Custodial death': Hartal in Kottayam on Monday
Kottayam: The Left-lenient organisations have called for a hartal in Kottayam district on Monday protesting the alleged police assault which led ... «onmanorama, Jul 15»
8
LDF calls for hartal after death of dalit youth in police custody
The LDF has called for a hartal in the district on Monday following the death of a dalit youth in police custody after allegedly being beaten up by ... «Web India, Jul 15»
9
Hartal in Pathanamthitta total, people put to hardship
The Left Democratic Front (LDF)-sponsored dawn-to-dusk hartal in the district, protesting against Thursday's police lathicharge against the ... «The Hindu, Jul 15»
10
Theme Park operator seeks compensation for hartal loss
The theme park had a booking for 1,400 school students on January 30th when a hartal was called for by Congress to protest against ... «Times of India, Jul 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Hartal [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/hartal>. May 2024 ».
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