Precipitation
Precipitation is the formation of a solid precipitate in solution during a chemical reaction, for example, by the addition of appropriate reagents. At the end of the reaction, the formed dry residue is called a precipitate, and the liquid above it is called a supernatant. The method itself consists in isolating chemical components from the solution as a sparingly soluble compound. One of the most widely used in the chemical analysis is the method of separation of elements, on which methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis are based. Electrolytic deposition is also used in hydrometallurgy, especially for non-ferrous metals.