O QUE SIGNIFICA CONTRAPOSITION EM INGLÊS
Contraposição
Na lógica, a contraposição é uma lei, que diz que uma declaração condicional é logicamente equivalente ao seu contrapositivo. O contrapositivo da declaração tem seu antecedente e conseqüente invertido e invertido: o contrapositivo é assim. Por exemplo, a proposição "Todos os morcegos são mamíferos" pode ser atualizada como condicional "Se algo é um morcego, então é um mamífero". Agora, a lei diz que a afirmação é idêntica ao contrapositivo. "Se algo não é um mamífero, então não é um morcego". O contrapositivo pode ser comparado com outras três relações entre afirmações condicionais: ▪ Inversão:. "Se algo não é um morcego, então não é um mamífero". Ao contrário do contrapositivo, o valor de verdade do inverso não é dependente de se a proposição original foi ou não verdadeira, como evidenciado aqui. O inverso aqui claramente não é verdade. ▪ Conversão:. "Se algo é um mamífero, então é um morcego". O inverso é realmente o contrapositivo do inverso e, portanto, sempre tem o mesmo valor de verdade que o inverso, o que não é necessariamente o mesmo que o da proposição original. ▪ Negação :.
definição de contraposition no dicionário inglês
A definição de contraposição no dicionário é o ato de colocar oposto ou contrário, especialmente em contraste ou antítese. Outra definição de contraposição é a derivação do contrapositivo de uma determinada proposição categorial.
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10 LIVROS EM INGLÊS RELACIONADOS COM «CONTRAPOSITION»
Descubra o uso de
contraposition na seguinte seleção bibliográfica. Livros relacionados com
contraposition e pequenos extratos deles para contextualizar o seu uso na literatura.
14 Contraposition Next to conversion and obversion, contraposition is the best
known of the immediate inferences from standard categorical propositions.1 14A
DEFINITIONS Del . 1. Contraposition of a standard categorical proposition is an ...
William Thomas Parry, Edward A. Hacker,
1991
d) Full Contraposition. — The outcome of a Conversion by Contraposition may be
obverted a second time, and the new resulting proposition, as compared to the
original contraponend, is a fully contiraposited proposition. Nonetheless, the ...
3
Discrete Mathematics with Applications
Note that when you use proof by contraposition, you know exactly what
conclusion you need to show, namely the negation of the hypothesis; whereas in
proof by contradiction, it may be difficult to know what contradiction to head for.
On the ...
4
Logic and Philosophy: A Modern Introduction
Contraposition In the process of contraposition, we replace the subject of a
proposition with the complement of its predicate and replace its predicate with the
complement of its subject. Thus the contrapositive of “All humans are mortals” is “
All ...
Alan Hausman, Howard Kahane, Paul Tidman,
2012
5
Advances in Scientific Philosophy: Essays in Honour of Paul ...
Should the universal A -form, regularly equated with a universal conditional, be
differently represented through a conditional connective which does not sustain
contraposition, the nastiest paradox of classificatory confirmation is stopped in its
...
Gerhard Schurz, Georg Dorn,
1991
6
Computational Models of Argument: Proceedings of COMMA 2008
invalidity of contraposition as an aside when describing their respective
formalisms for non-monotonic reasoning. Our analysis will therefore begin with
an overview of some of the comments by various authors in the field. Brewka, for
instance ...
Philippe Besnard, Sylvie Doutre, Anthony Hunter,
2008
7
Cognition and Conditionals: Probability and Logic in Human ...
contraposition is probabilistically informative in the mental model theory.
contraposition is probabilistically non-informative in the mental probability logic (
because of the conditional probability interpretation of the if–then). The next
section ...
Mike Oaksford, Nick Chater,
2010
8
Mathematics for Senior High School Year X
Converse, Inverse, and Contraposition For example, given an implication or
conditional p => q. We can make new statement by using that implication, as
follows. 1 . Converse is a statement, which has form of q =? p 2. Inverse is a
statement, ...
Boethius goes further than showing just when conversion by contraposition or
partial contraposition preserves truth values whatever the terms. He sees that in
many cases these sorts of conversion, though not universally truthpreserving, are
...
Cambridge John Marenbon Fellow and Director of Studies in the History of Philosophy Trinity College,
2003
10
Handbook of Philosophical Logic
the phrase 'the principle of contraposition' for the latter of the two principles [von
Wright, 1972, pp. 147-149]. A similar postulate, (p > q) -> (->q > -p), can be
formed for weak preference. The term 'contraposition' can be used as a common
term ...
Dov M. Gabbay, Franz Guenthner,
2001
10 NOTÍCIAS NAS QUAIS SE INCLUI O TERMO «CONTRAPOSITION»
Conheça de que se fala nos meios de comunicação nacionais e internacionais e como se utiliza o termo
contraposition no contexto das seguintes notícias.
A Liberal But Restrained Supreme Court Term
“At times, that is going to put a justice in contraposition to what his ideological preferences might be.” “Lawyers overwhelmingly are raised in an ... «Wall Street Journal, jun 15»
Opposition Primaries Plagued by High Abstention as Party Elites …
Likewise, in contraposition to the MUD's elite selection process, the roughly 8,000 PSUV pre-candidates were nominated in 13,600 grassroots ... «Venezuelanalysis.com, mai 15»
What's Wrong With The Male Clones On 'Orphan Black'? Rudy Kills …
Paul asks Rudy and Seth strange contraposition questions, like “Some bags are pockets, no pocket is a pouch. Conclusion, all bags are not ... «Bustle, abr 15»
Conservatives' goal to subvert Obama at any cost
At the behest of Republican members of the House of Representatives, he spoke in direct contraposition to President Barack Obama on the ... «Kennebec Journal & Morning Sentinel, abr 15»
SpiceJet's Chief Commercial Officer Resigns
I am glad that my contraposition in SpiceJet helped the airline improve revenue performance and reduce costs. Sanjiv and I worked closely ... «NDTV, abr 15»
Cardinal Kasper Responds to First Things Review of “Mercy”
It is therefore theological nonsense to bring truth and mercy in contraposition. There is therefore a solid common basis for dialogue between us. «First Things, mar 15»
Trial backs oral probiotic to fight off dental implant problems
... parameters improved, and the cytokine levels decreased - in contraposition to the observations in the placebo group,” concluded the authors. «NutraIngredients.com, mar 15»
Security versus Privacy: A De-Actualizing Formulation
For our purposes here, we'll stick with the American version of privacy and liberty where, as Whitman suggests, liberty (in direct contraposition ... «Foreign Policy Journal, jan 15»
Challenges for European Foreign Policy in 2015
The EU and its member states could play a useful role in lowering tensions around the intractable Syrian conflict and the broader contraposition ... «ISN, jan 15»
Why Carlos Salcedo's camp might not be recognizing his contract …
... because the option year is invalid, let us make our claims in contraposition to that, but if we find support for the claim, let's include that as well. «RSL Soapbox, jan 15»