Meaning of "Viroid" in the German dictionary

ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD VIROID

zu griechisch -eidḗs = gestaltet, ähnlich, zu: eĩdos = Aussehen, Form.

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.

PRONUNCIATION OF VIROID IN GERMAN

Viroi̲d

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF VIROID

Viroid is a noun.

A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES VIROID MEAN IN GERMAN?

viroid

Viroids are among the smallest pathogens and consist of only one ring-closed, single-stranded ribonucleic acid. In contrast to viruses, viroids do not have any additional proteins or lipids in the form of a sheath or capsid. Viroids can only proliferate within living cells, which is why they form the group of subcellular pathogens together with the viruses, virusoids and prions. The RNA of the viroids is between 241 and 401 nucleotides long. Typically, no messenger RNA is transcribed from this genomic RNA during the multiplication in the cell and thus no Viroid-own proteins are synthesized. The Viroid RNA has its own catalytic activity, inter alia, in the form of a ribozyme. The mechanism of RNA multiplication and interaction with cellular factors is an interesting model for studying the functionality of RNA in the cell. These mechanisms of the viroids are regarded as a molecular fossil from an early stage of chemical evolution. Infections with viroids have so far only been found in vascular plants.

Definition of Viroid in the German dictionary

smallest known, previously only proven in plants pathogens.

TRANSLATION OF VIROID

Find out the translation of Viroid to 25 languages with our German multilingual translator.

The translations of Viroid from German to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «Viroid» in German.

• Translator German - Chinese: 类病毒
• Translator German - Spanish: viroide
• Translator German - English: viroid
• Translator German - Hindi: viroid
• Translator German - Arabic: الفيروس المعدي
• Translator German - Russian: вироидный
• Translator German - Portuguese: viroid
• Translator German - Bengali: viroid
• Translator German - French: viroïde
• Translator German - Malay: viroid
• German: Viroid
• Translator German - Japanese: ウイロイド
• Translator German - Korean: 로이드
• Translator German - Javanese: viroid
• Translator German - Vietnamese: viroid
• Translator German - Tamil: viroid
• Translator German - Marathi: हे viroid
• Translator German - Turkish: viroidi
• Translator German - Italian: viroid
• Translator German - Polish: wiroid
• Translator German - Ukrainian: віроідний
• Translator German - Romanian: viroid
• Translator German - Greek: ιοειδές
• Translator German - Afrikaans: Viroid
• Translator German - Swedish: viroid
• Translator German - Norwegian: viroid

10 GERMAN BOOKS RELATING TO «VIROID»

Discover the use of Viroid in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to Viroid and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in German literature.

Biologie der Pflanzen

In der Größe variieren sie zwischen 246 Basen beim Cadang-Cadang-Viroid der Kokospalme und 375 Basen bei einem Viroid der Zitrusfrüchte (citrus exocortis viroid). Somit sind sie deutlich kleiner als die kleinsten viralen Genome. Obwohl ...

Peter H. Raven, Ray F. Evert, Susan E. Eichhorn, 2006

Allgemeine und molekulare Botanik

Als erstes Beispiel für diese neue Form pflanzlicher Pathogene wurde das Kartoffel-Spindelknollen-Viroid mit 349 Nucleotiden (PSTV, potato spindel tuber viroid, Abb. a) identifiziert. Das RNA-Genom von Viroiden kann 250–425 Nucleotide ...

Elmar W. Weiler, Lutz Nover, 2008

Allgemeine Mikrobiologie

Bekannt ist das Kartoffelspindelknollen-Viroid (engl. Potatoe-Spindle-Tuber Viroid (PSTV) (Pospiviroidae). Sie können aber auch Kokosnusspalmen, Hopfen, Pfirsiche, Gurken und Avocados befallen. Es ist nicht klar, wie es zur Auslösung der ...

Georg Fuchs, 2007

Nukleinsäure: Chromosom, Gen, Plasmid, Nukleinsäuren, ...

Dieser Inhalt ist eine Zusammensetzung von Artikeln aus der frei verf gbaren Wikipedia-Enzyklop die. Seiten: 49. Nicht dargestellt.

Quelle: Wikipedia, Bucher Gruppe, 2011

Mikrobiologie: Bakterien, Infektionskrankheit, Pandemie, ...

Dieser Inhalt ist eine Zusammensetzung von Artikeln aus der frei verf gbaren Wikipedia-Enzyklop die. Seiten: 149. Nicht dargestellt.

Quelle: Wikipedia, Bucher Gruppe, 2011

Biochemie - Zellbiologie

Die Vermehrung der RNA erfolgt nach dem Rolling Circle- Mechanismus ( Genetik). DNA-Zwischenstufen sind, im Gegensatz zu den Retroviren, bisher nicht bekannt. Die Viroid-RNA codiert nicht für Proteine, auch besitzt die Wirtszelle keine ...

Katharina Munk, 2008

Biokommunikation und natürliche Bearbeitung genetischer ...

8. Diener TO. (1991). Viroids and viroid-like satellite RNAs: a phylogenetic analysis. Progress in Clinical and Biological Research 364: 243-256. 9. Diener TO. (1993). The viroid: big punch in a small package. Trends in Microbiology 1: 289-294.

Günther Witzany, 2011

Phytomedizin: Grundwissen Bachelor

Bei Pflanzenviren unterscheidet man zwei Familien (Po spiviroidae, Avsunviroidae) mit verschiedenen Gattungen, zu denen beispielsweise die wirtschaftlich bedeutenden Viroide Potato spindle tuber viroid, Coconut cadang- cadang viroid ...

Johannes Hallmann, Andrea Quadt-Hallmann, Andreas von Tiedemann, 2009

Karlsons Biochemie und Pathobiochemie

Gezeigt ist ein Tomaten-pathogenes Viroid (nach Riesner und Gross, Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1985:54:531). 400 Nucleotiden und sind ringförmig geschlossen (-<a> 6.54). Sie weisen viele interne Basenparungen auf, so dass Viroide im ...

Detlef Doenecke, 2005

Elektrophorese: Theorie und Praxis

Bei ihr wird zuerst der Pflanzenextraltt (die RNA» Fragmente und das Viroid) bei 15 °С in einem Polyacrylamidgel unter nativen Bedingungen aufgetrennt. Danach wird in die umgekehrte Richtung mit dem gleichen Gel eine Elektrophorese ...

Budin Michov, 1996

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «VIROID»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term Viroid is used in the context of the following news items.

Prions: They Want Your Brain

Prions are, simply put, the protein version of a viroid. Viroids are small strands of infectious RNA without a protein coat (in that sense differing from a typical virus) ... «The Korea Times US, Dec 16»

First report of PNRSV on apple trees

... leaf spot virus(ACLSV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) and Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd). «FreshPlaza, Sep 16»

Poor potato harvest could drive Dutch farmers out of business

The sector has also been hit by the discovery of the rare disease potato tuber spindle viroid in the north-east polder region. The harvest in Belgium and northern ... «DutchNews.nl, Sep 16»

Virus visible in Michigan hopyards

Hop latent virus, American hop latent virus and hop mosaic virus (known as the carlavirus complex), as well as apple mosaic virus and hop stunt viroid have all ... «Michigan State University Extension, Sep 16»

NVWA: PSTVd bedreigt aardappelteelt

Het potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is een quarantaine-organisme. In het voorjaar van 2014 is het viroïde gevonden bij aardappelkweekbedrijf Meijer in ... «Boerderij, Aug 16»

NVWA onderzoekt uitgangsmateriaal als bron PSTVd in paprikakas

De NVWA onderzoekt uitgangsmateriaal uit Israël op besmetting met de schadelijke viroïde potato spindle tuber viroid (afgekort PSTVd). Drie besmette ... «Groenten en Fruit Actueel, Apr 16»

Costa Rica: Avocado prices to stay high

Peruvian avocados, which partly replace the Mexican imports in Costa Rica, also suffered problems with the viroid, according to research conducted by the ... «FreshPlaza, Mar 16»

Må destruere 100 000 tomatplanter etter plantesykdom

Dette er andre gang at Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid dukker opp i Norge. Forrige gang var i 2012. Også denne gangen på Lauvsnes Gartneri i Finnøy. – Dette er ... «Bondebladet, Feb 16»

Costa Rica: Avocado growers confirm presence of sunblotch virus

He added that the SFE cannot be judge and jury in actions intended to confirm the presence of this viroid in local Hass avocado plantations, given that they were ... «FreshPlaza, Feb 16»

Descartan presencia de “mancha del sol” en aguacate nacional

... autoridades del Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería (MAG), confirmaron este jueves que la enfermedad del Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd), “Mancha del ... «elmundoCR, Jan 16»