Healer
A healer is a person, usually without a medical diploma, who heals, or pretends to be cured, outside of the scientific legal exercise of medicine, by empirical or magical means, by supposed special donations or using of personal income. In the Middle Ages in Europe, there was no definite frontier between doctors, healers, witches. Then, little by little, medicine has moved away from both spiritual beliefs and charlatanism. In the western world, healers, heirs of ancestral practices of traditional societies, can be magnetism, radiesthesist, rebaucheux, exorcist ... In the traditional societies of Asia, Africa, America, Oceania, considered as sorcerers or clairvoyants, healers are usually shamans. Healers in the Philippines and Brazil are sometimes called psychic surgeons. In Switzerland, there are different categories, firebreaks, secret makers, depending on health problems.