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Meaning of "polysome" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF POLYSOME

polysome  [ˈpɒlɪˌsəʊm] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF POLYSOME

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Polysome is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES POLYSOME MEAN IN ENGLISH?

polysome

Polysome

Polyribosomes also known as ergosomes are a cluster of ribosomes, bound to a mRNA molecule, first discovered and characterized by Jonathan Warner, Paul Knopf, and Alex Rich in 1963. Many ribosomes read one mRNA simultaneously, progressing along the mRNA to synthesize the same protein. They may appear as clusters, linear polysomes, or circular rosettes on microscopy, but mainly circular in vivo. This circularization is aided by the fact that mRNA is able to be twisted into a circular formation, creating a cycle of rapid ribosome recycling, and utilization of ribosomes. The 5' 7-methylguanosine cap and 3' poly tail present on eukaryotic mRNA aid in this process. Polyribosomes can be found in three forms: free, cytoskeletal bound, and membrane bound.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH POLYSOME


acrosome
ˈækrəˌsəʊm
autosome
ˈɔːtəˌsəʊm
centrosome
ˈsɛntrəˌsəʊm
chromosome
ˈkrəʊməˌsəʊm
desmosome
ˈdɛsməˌsəʊm
elaiosome
ɪˈleɪəˌsəʊm
endosome
ˈendəʊˌsəʊm
episome
ˈɛpɪˌsəʊm
isochromosome
ˌaɪsəʊˈkrəʊməˌsəʊm
liposome
ˈlɪpəʊˌsəʊm
lysosome
ˈlaɪsəˌsəʊm
melanosome
ˈmelənəʊˌsəʊm
microsome
ˈmaɪkrəʊˌsəʊm
nucleosome
ˈnjuːklɪəˌsəʊm
oxysome
ˈɒksɪˌsəʊm
peroxisome
pəˈrɒksɪˌsəʊm
ribosome
ˈraɪbəˌsəʊm
schistosome
ˈʃɪstəˌsəʊm
synaptosome
sɪˈnæptəˌsəʊm
trypanosome
ˈtrɪpənəˌsəʊm

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE POLYSOME

polysaccharide
polysaccharose
polysemant
polyseme
polysemic
polysemous
polysemy
polysepalous
polysiloxane
polysomic
polysomy
polysorbate
polystichous
polystylar
polystyle
polystyrene
polystyrene cement
polystyrene chips
polysulphide
polysyllabic

WORDS THAT END LIKE POLYSOME

awesome
awsome
cloysome
cumbersome
fearsome
flavoursome
flaysome
foursome
gaysome
gruesome
handsome
lonesome
noysome
playsome
some
threesome
toysome
troublesome
wholesome
winsome

Synonyms and antonyms of polysome in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «polysome» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF POLYSOME

Find out the translation of polysome to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of polysome from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «polysome» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

多聚核糖体
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

polysome
570 millions of speakers

English

polysome
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

polysome
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

polysome
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

полисом
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

polissoma
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

polysome
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

polysome
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Polysome
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Polysom
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

ポリソーム
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

polysome
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Polysome
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

polysome
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

polysome
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

पॉलिसोम
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

polizomdan
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

polisoma
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

polisomalna
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

полісом
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

polizom
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

πολυσωμικό
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

polysome
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

polysom
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

polysome
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of polysome

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «POLYSOME»

The term «polysome» is normally little used and occupies the 133.507 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
38
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «polysome» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of polysome
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «polysome».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «POLYSOME» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «polysome» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «polysome» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about polysome

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «POLYSOME»

Discover the use of polysome in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to polysome and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Translation Initiation: Extract Systems and Molecular ...
The ultimate test of in vivo translation deficiency is to measure the abundance of polysome by sucrose gradient-velocity sedimentation, in which extracts prepared from growing yeast are layered onto a sucrose density gradient and resolved by ...
‎2007
2
Yeast Gene Analysis: Yeast Gene Analysis
I Polysome analysis of translation initiation A defect in protein synthesis may be suspected when gene disruption or mutation results in a phenotype such as antibiotic sensitivity. In such cases polysome analysis can be used to probe the ...
‎1998
3
Methods in Plant Cell Biology
polyribosome (“polysome”) complexes. Further, not all polysome-associated mRNAs are translated in vivo; some are arrested. Translational arrest has been observed following acute changes in the environment, such as the onset of hypoxia ...
‎1995
4
RNA Methodologies: A Laboratory Guide for Isolation and ...
Purification of Polysome-Engaged mRNA Although mRNA is an excellent parameter of gene expression, thorough assessment of this aspect of the cellular biochemistry must be multifaceted. Standard RNA isolation techniques, even when ...
Robert E. Farrell, Jr., 2010
5
mTOR Pathway and mTOR Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy
However, pull-downs would, in comparison to polysome preparations, result in reduced resolution. During polysome preparations the researcher has the choice to stratify in different ways, so that, e.g., fractions with mRNA bound to greater ...
Vitaly A. Polunovsky, Peter J. Houghton, 2010
6
• mRNA Life Cycle in Brain Function and Malfunction:
FIGURE 2 | Schematic of genome-wide methods to study polysome-associated mRNAs in vitro and in vivo. (A)With polysome profiling, cytoplasmic lysates from cells are layered onto a sucrose gradient and undergo centrifugation to separate  ...
Jernej Ule, Peter Scheiffele, Michael A. Kiebler, 2014
7
Combinatorial Chemistry
Procedure for Polysome Binding Assay Ligate an individual sequence or a pool of amplified DNA sequences into the NheliKpnl sites of pLM193. Electroporate E. coli strain XLl- Blue and isolate individual ampicillin-resistant colonies as ...
John Abelson, 1996
8
MRNA: Current Research
Penicillinase polysome size Attempts were made to measure the size of the penicillinase polysome on sucrose gradients. That the enzyme activity peaks in the polysome region mainly represented nascent chains, rather than free enzyme  ...
‎1972
9
Aromatic Amino Acids in the Brain
On the basis of pharmacological evidence, we suspect that both dopamine and 5hydroxytryptamine influence polysome aggregation by acting on pharmacologically-specific receptors. Methysergide and cyproheptadine block receptors for ...
CIBA Foundation Symposium, 2009
10
Living in a Seasonal World: Thermoregulatory and Metabolic ...
Significant insight for mechanism is provided by polysome analyses. In polysome analyses, the number of ribosomes that associate with a given mRNA is related to the amount of translation. In actively translating systems, as many as 20–30 ...
Thomas Ruf, Claudia Bieber, Walter Arnold, 2012

5 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «POLYSOME»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term polysome is used in the context of the following news items.
1
RNA-binding protein HuR sequesters microRNA-21 to prevent …
Polysome analysis showed that PDCD4 mRNA was mostly present in the non-translating lighter fractions of the MCF7-miR-21 cells compared ... «Nature.com, Jul 15»
2
Lost in translation? Not when it comes to control of gene expression …
... three sophisticated analytical techniques: global polysome profiling to measure active translation for thousands of mRNAs; ribosome footprint ... «Phys.Org, May 14»
3
Pretreatment Genetic Test Predicts Recurrence in Prostate Cancer
The effect of hypoxia on the translation of more than 220 genes was measured using polysome-translation assays. These tests demonstrated ... «OncLive, Apr 14»
4
A technique to increase protein yield in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate …
Recombinant NS1RK/AA enhances protein synthesis in RRL and facilitates polysome formation in RRL. (Click to enlarge). To further determine the effect of ... «BioTechniques.com, Jan 14»
5
Scientists Discover Chemical Modification in Human Malaria …
Le Roch and colleagues published two other papers about their findings in November—“Polysome profiling reveals translational control of ... «UC Riverside, Dec 13»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Polysome [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/polysome>. Apr 2024 ».
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