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Meaning of "microsome" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF MICROSOME

microsome  [ˈmaɪkrəʊˌsəʊm] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF MICROSOME

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Microsome is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES MICROSOME MEAN IN ENGLISH?

microsome

Microsome

In cell biology, microsomes are vesicle-like artifacts re-formed from pieces of the endoplasmic reticulum when eukaryotic cells are broken-up in the laboratory; by definition, microsomes are not ordinarily present in living cells. Microsomes can be concentrated and separated from other cellular debris by differential centrifugation. Unbroken cells, nuclei, and mitochondria sediment out at 10,000g, whereas soluble enzymes and fragmented ER, which contains cytochrome P450, remain in solution. At 100,000g, achieved by faster centrifuge rotation, ER sediments out of solution as a pellet but the soluble enzymes remain in the supernatant. In this way, cytochrome P450 in microsomes is concentrated and isolated. Microsomes have a reddish brown color, due to the presence of the iron-containing co-factor, heme, in the P450s. P450s are highly abundant in livers of rats, mice and humans. Microsomes are a valuable tool for investigating the metabolism of compounds and for examining drug-drug interactions by in vitro-research. Researchers often select microsome lots based on the enzyme activity level of specific CYPs.

Definition of microsome in the English dictionary

The definition of microsome in the dictionary is any of the small particles consisting of ribosomes and fragments of attached endoplasmic reticulum that can be isolated from cells by centrifugal action.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH MICROSOME


acrosome
ˈækrəˌsəʊm
autosome
ˈɔːtəˌsəʊm
centrosome
ˈsɛntrəˌsəʊm
chromosome
ˈkrəʊməˌsəʊm
desmosome
ˈdɛsməˌsəʊm
elaiosome
ɪˈleɪəˌsəʊm
endosome
ˈendəʊˌsəʊm
exposome
ˈɛkspəʊˌsəʊm
gonosome
ˈɡɒnəʊˌsəʊm
karyosome
ˈkærɪəʊˌsəʊm
liposome
ˈlɪpəʊˌsəʊm
lysosome
ˈlaɪsəˌsəʊm
melanosome
ˈmelənəʊˌsəʊm
nucleosome
ˈnjuːklɪəˌsəʊm
peroxisome
pəˈrɒksɪˌsəʊm
pyrosome
ˈpaɪrəʊˌsəʊm
ribosome
ˈraɪbəˌsəʊm
schistosome
ˈʃɪstəˌsəʊm
trypanosome
ˈtrɪpənəˌsəʊm
urosome
ˈjʊərəʊˌsəʊm

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE MICROSOME

microsecond
microseism
microseismic
microseismical
microseismicity
microsite
microskirt
microsleep
microsmatic
microsomal
microspecies
microsphere
microspherical
microsporangia
microsporangium
microspore
microsporic
microsporocyte
microsporophyll
microsporous

WORDS THAT END LIKE MICROSOME

awesome
chondriosome
cytosome
dictyosome
heterochromosome
hydrosome
isochromosome
kinetosome
leptosome
mesosome
monosome
phagosome
plasmosome
polyribosome
sarcosome
sex chromosome
synaptosome
twosome
X chromosome
X-chromosome
Y-chromosome

Synonyms and antonyms of microsome in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «microsome» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF MICROSOME

Find out the translation of microsome to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of microsome from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «microsome» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

微粒
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

microsomas
570 millions of speakers

English

microsome
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

microsome
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

صغرور
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

микросома
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

microsome
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

মাইক্রোসম
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

microsomes
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Mikrosom
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Mikros
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

ミクロソーム
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

미크로
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Microsome
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

vi thể
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

microsome
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

सूक्ष्म
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

mikrozom
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

microsome
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

mikrosomu
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

мікросомії
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

microzom
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

μικρόσωμα
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

micro
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

mikrosom
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

micro
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of microsome

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «MICROSOME»

The term «microsome» is normally little used and occupies the 111.783 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
48
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «microsome» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of microsome
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «microsome».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «MICROSOME» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «microsome» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «microsome» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about microsome

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «MICROSOME»

Discover the use of microsome in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to microsome and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Cytochrome P450 Protocols
In a panel of six human liver microsomes, this activity ranged from 0.09 to 1.48 nmol/ (min·mg of microsomal protein) (19), whereas in another panel of 10 microsome samples, it ranged from 0.56 to 8.41 nmol/(min·mg of microsomal protein) (7).
Ian Randall Phillips, Elizabeth Anne Shephard, 2006
2
Class 3.5. - 3.12 Hydrolases X: EC 3.5.4 - 3.12.1
0.4 <8> (<8> ATP, ADP homogenate of tissue and microsome [32]) [32] 0.43 <18 > (<18> ATP, homogenate of tissue [32]) [32] 0.48 <9> (<9> ATP, microsome [32]) [32] 0.5 <8> (<8> ATP, microsome, tuber [32]) [32] 0.52 <17> (<17> ADP, ...
Dietmar Schomburg, Ida Schomburg, A. Chang, 2003
3
Class 1 Oxidoreductases X: EC 1.9 - 1.13
... CM-cellulose-chromatography, ultrafiltration and dialysis P2 [7]) [7] -Value (mM ) 0.001 <1> (cytochrome b5, <1> pig microsome cytochrome-b5, detergent preparation [3]) [3] 0.0014 <1> (cytochrome b5, <1> rabbit microsome cytochrome-b5, ...
Dietmar Schomburg, Antje Chang, Ida Schomburg, 2007
4
Pesticide Residues in Food, 1985 Report Sponsored Jointly by ...
Jones, R.E. , Killeen, J.C., Jr. & Ignatoski, J. A. Salmonel la/mamma lian- (1985b) microsome plate incorporation assay (Ames Test) with and without renal activation with isophthalonitrile, report No. 694-5TX-84-0094- 002. Submitted to WHO by ...
‎1986
5
Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines - Molecular ...
Antioxidant, inhibits lipid peroxidation, cytoblast and microsome in hepatic cells 5414. Antioxidant, inhibits lipid peroxidation, effects on plasma oxidation after incubation with Fe2+/H2O2 13581. Antioxidant, inhibits lipid peroxidation, enzymatic ...
Jiaju Zhou, Guirong Xie, Xinjian Yan, 2011
6
Optimizing the "Drug-Like" Properties of Leads in Drug Discovery
... “hepatic” clearance (CLhep) using human liver microsomes without considering the unbound fraction: CLint = (0.693 / in vitro t1/2) x (incubation volume/mg of microsome) x (20 mg microsome/gram of liver) x (45 gm of liver / kg body weight).
Ronald Borchardt, Edward Kerns, Michael Hageman, 2007
7
Pesticide Residues in Food 2007: Toxicological Evaluations
Deparade, E. (1986) G-30027 - Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity test. Unpublished report No. 861172 dated 5 December 1986, from Ciba-Geigy Ltd, Basle, Switzerland. Submitted to WHO by Syngenta Crop Protection AG.
World Health Organization, 2010
8
Cytology and Cell Physiology
of the microsome population” (Palade et al., 1962). It is obvious that, if we first include most of the cytoplasmic structural components in one system, this system will dominate in the microsome fraction and this fraction will then appear rather ...
Geoffrey Bourne, 2012
9
Cytochrome
Growth is monitored closely at the 1 -liter stage, as it was found that exceeding an Am value of 1 .8 greatly decreases the efficiency of cell lysis for microsome preparation. Yeast are harvested by centrifugation at 5000 g for 20 min in 1-liter ...
Michael R. Waterman, Eric F. Johnson, 1991
10
Liver Disease in Children
I'orta G, da Costa Gayotto LC, Alvarez F. Anti-liver kidney microsome antibody- positive autoimmune hepatitis presenting as fulminant liver failure./ Pediatr Gastroernerol Nutr 1990:1 1: 138-140. 12. Paradis K, Alvarez F, Seidman E, et al. Pitfalls ...
Frederick J. Suchy, Ronald J. Sokol, William F. Balistreri, 2001

7 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «MICROSOME»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term microsome is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Transforming berberine into its intestine-absorbable form by the gut …
Therefore, we investigated the roles of eight subtypes of CYP450 isoforms in the intestine homogenate microsome. The specific CYP450 ... «Nature.com, Jul 15»
2
Simulations Plus Releases ADMET Predictor Version 7.2
It also contains two new models related to human liver microsome (HLM) stability, an experiment that is routinely run on newly synthesized ... «Business Wire, May 15»
3
Ubiquitination The Missing Link In The STING Pathway
... dimerization and translocation of STING from the ER to the Golgi apparatus and subsequently to the perinuclear microsome compartment. «Asian Scientist Magazine, Jan 15»
4
Flamel Technologies: A Turnaround Story With Lots Of Upside
The probability of success of JZP-386 is also likely high, since animal models and in-vitro human liver microsome tests must support the ... «Seeking Alpha, Nov 14»
5
Frequency of Autoantibodies in Celiac Disease
... Smith antibody (anti-Sm), smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA), and antimitochondrial antibody liver-kidney microsome (AMA-LKM) in patients ... «Celiac.com, Jan 10»
6
Psychosis and catatonia as a first presentation of antiphospholipid …
... hepatitis A/B/C, cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, syphilis, Toxoplasma, and HIV; and antimitochondrial, anti-smooth muscle, anti-liver–kidney microsome, ... «British Journal of Psychiatry, Aug 09»
7
George Palade 1912-2008
If you dissolved the microsome's membranes with detergent, you could release polysomes, or ribosomes connected together by mRNA. As you ... «ScienceBlogs, Oct 08»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Microsome [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/microsome>. Jul 2024 ».
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